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Gogaku

All N3 grammar

N3

せいぜい

At most, at best onlymachine translation

Formationせいぜい + quantity / degree

せいぜい is an adverb placed before a number or degree to say "that is the MAXIMUM — and that maximum isn't much": at most, at best only. It always carries a belittling nuance, making the number that follows sound distinctly small.

Position: right before the quantity expression — せいぜい五百円 (five hundred yen at most), せいぜい十分 (ten minutes at most). Since it's a ceiling estimate, it very often pairs with 〜ぐらい/〜くらい or ends the sentence with だろう.

Distinguishing it: 〜にすぎない ("is nothing more than") downplays the importance of the whole matter, while せいぜい only caps the number. せいぜい also has another use, as a condescending word of encouragement: せいぜい頑張ってください ("do your best, then") — it sounds a bit patronizing; at N3 you only need to recognize it, not use it.

Examples

Related patterns

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