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Gogaku

All N4 grammar

N4

〜な

Prohibition — "don't you dare…" (入るな)machine translation

FormationVerb dictionary form + な

Placing な right after the dictionary form makes a strong prohibition: 入るな (do not enter), 触るな (don't touch). Like the imperative form, this is very forceful — used only in emergencies, on prohibition signs, or when a superior snaps at a subordinate.

Compared with 〜ないでください from N5 — the polite request "please don't…" — 〜な is a bare command with no politeness at all. In everyday communication you'll almost never say this yourself; your main job is to understand it when reading signs (ここに入るな) or hearing it in movies and stories.

Be careful not to confuse it with な attached to the ます-form with ます dropped: 食べな is the casual contraction of 食べなさい ("eat up"), the exact opposite of 食べるな ("don't eat"). Look closely at the verb form before な to tell them apart.

Examples

Related patterns

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